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Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2010;10(5):159-168.
Published online October 31, 2010.
해안대수층에서 담수-염수 경계면 변화에 따른 최대담수양수량과 염수침투제어에 대한 실험적 연구
서성국, 오창무, 김원일, 호정석
Experimental Study of Freshwater Discharge and Saltwater Intrusion Control in Coastal Aquifer
Seong-Kook Suh, Chang-Moo Oh, Won-Il Kim, Jung-Seok Ho
Abstract
This study investigates the relationships between the maximum freshwater pumping discharge and hydraulic properties of coastal aquifer using a laboratory model. The experiment performed the fresh pumping test in various locations near the saltwedge induced by saltwater intrusion to freshwater over aquifer characteristics of hydraulic conductivity, salinity, and ground surface slope. Saltwater pumping also tested to protest saltwater intrusion to the excessively discharging freshwater well. The maximum freshwater discharges were achieved, and then the optimum saltwater discharges were measured. It is found that greater hydraulic conductivity and ground surface slope produced greater the maximum freshwater pumping discharge. Salinity gave less impact on the pumping discharge relatively. Higher freshwater discharge was found at higher hydraulic conductivity and steeper ground surface slope. The optimum saltwater discharge required 14% more pumping rate than the maximum freshwater discharge to keep saltwater intrusion to the freshwater pumping well. Pumping well located closer to salt-wedge profile promoted less freshwater pumping discharge. Therefore, pumping well location, hydraulic conductivity, ground surface slope, and salinity should be taken into account in freshwater pumping in coastal aquifer.
Key Words: Saltwater intrusion; Freshwater-Saltwater interface; Maximum freshwater pumping discharge; Optimuim saltwater pumping discharge; Sandtank model
요지
해안대수층의 지형특성과 수리특성에 의한 담수-염수 경계면과 최대담수양수량의 변화를 연구하였다. 모래 대수층의 수리전도도와 사면경사, 그리고 염수의 염도조건에 따른 담수-염수 경계면의 기울기 및 염수쐐기의 침투길이를 분석하였으며, 일정한 위치의 양수정에서 최대담수양수량과 염수침투제어를 위한 최적염수양수량을 실내 모래수조 모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 실험결과, 대수층의 수리전도도가 높을수록, 사면경사가 급할수록 최대담수양수량은 증가되었으며, 이때 염도에 의한 영향은 상대적으로 미미하였다. 또한, 최대담수양수량이 증가함에 따라 염수침투제어를 위한 최적염수양수량이 비례적으로 증가되었으며, 그 양은 최대담수양수량 보다 평균 14% 증가되었다. 양수정의 위치에 따라 최대담수양수량과 최적염수양수량은 변화되었고, 염수위와 담수-염수 경계면에서 가까울수록 양수량은 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 해안지역에서 지하수 개발량의 최대화를 위한 양수정의 위치 선정시, 대수층의 수리전도도, 사면경사 및 염도가 고려되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.
핵심용어: 해수침투; 담수-염수 경계면; 최대담수양수량; 최적염수양수량; 모래수조 모형


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