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Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2015;15(5):13-18.
Published online October 31, 2015.
야간 횡단보도 국부조명에 따른 인지거리 평가
박순용, 이석기
Evaluation of Driver' Detection Distance according to the Local Lightings Condition of Crosswalk Illumination
Soon-Yong Park, Suk-Ki Lee
Abstract
This study analyzes evaluation of drivers’ detection distance according to the local lightings condition of crosswalk illumination which can be installed with or without the continuous lightings; here, continuous lightings mean the lightings installed with a regular spacing along the roadside of two lanes and four lanes. The study facilities dummy-detection-distance as a measure of effects observed according to the varying lighting conditions; day-time, night-time with continuous lightings only, night-time with the combination of continuous lightings and crosswalk lightings, night-time without lightings at all, and night-time with crosswalk lightings only. A dummy was installed to mimic the school-age-child who are 110 cm tall about to cross the road at crosswalk. Field test was carried out at two places; one is four lanes operated roads with the continuous lightings and the other is two lanes operated roads without the continuous. The corresponding limited speeds are 70 and 60 kph, respectively. With the data of 15th percentile dummy-detection-distance for four lanes operated roads, we conclude the distance for continuous lightings only was not satisfying the stopping Sight Distance required at 70 kph design speed. The distance was increased with the order of combination of continuous lightings and crosswalk lightings, day-time condition, and continuous lightings only. With the same data analysis for two lanes operated roads, we conclude the distance for day-time condition only satisfy the Stopping Sight Distance required at 60 kph design speed. Especially, the average, 85% tile, 50% tile, 15% tile of a no-night-time lighting (street lamps off) were determined that the subject detection distance was very shorter than Stopping Sight Distance. Therefore, this insufficient sight distance could make heighten the possibility of accident.
요지
본 연구에서 횡단보도 조명 시스템 설치 전후에 대한 평가를 위해 2차로 및 4차로 도로에 대해 조명 조건별 사물인식거리를 측정하였다. 이를 위해 횡단보도에 110 cm의 어린이 인체를 표현한 더미를 설치하여 실제 운전자가 이를 인식하는 거리를 측정하였다. 현장 실험은 2차로 및 4차로 도로에서 수행되었으며, 4차로 도로는 연속조명이 있는 제한속도 70 kph 도로이며, 2차로 도로는 연속조명이 없는 제한속도 60 kph의 도로였다. 그 결과 4차로 도로에서 야간 가로등만 있는 경우 피실험자의 15% tile에서는 운전자가 보행잘를 인식하는 거리가 70 kph의 정지시거 보다 낮게 나타나 사고 위험이 큰 것으로 확인되었따. 인식거리는 연속조명과 횡단보도, 조명, 횡단보도 조명, 주간, 연속조명 순으로 증가하였다. 또한 2차로 도로에서는 주간의 인식거리만 60 kph의 정지서거를 만족하였다. 특히, 평균, 85, 50, 15% tile에서 야간 무조명(가로등 소등)의 경우 피사체 인식거리가 정지시거 보다 낮게 나타나 사고 위험이 매우 큰 것으로 판단된다.


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