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Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2015;15(3):297-306.
Published online June 30, 2015.
티센가중법을 중심으로
이지호, 전환돈
Influence of the Spatial Distribution of a Raingage Network on the Estimation of Areal Average Rainfall : Focusing on Thiessen's Weighting Method
Ji Ho Lee, Hwan Don Jun
Abstract
This study has evaluated how affect it is the spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall network for estimation of areal average rain-fall. In addition, we reviewed whether it has any problem on Thiessen's weighting method which is used commonly in domestic when the spatial distribution of raingauge network is distorted. For that, the raingauge network is rearranged using the nearest neighbor index and the estimation error is estimated to rearranged raingauge network. Area average rainfall was estimated by arithmetic mean method, the Thiessen's weighting method and estimation theory for rainfall events. As a result, it found that the estimation error of area average rainfall is large on the distorted spatial distribution of raingauge network. Specially, it analyzed that Thiessen's weight-ing method occurred more larger estimation error of areal average rainfall than the arithmetic mean method on the distorted spatial distribution of raingauge network. Accuracy of the areal average rainfall is related with the density of the raingauge network besides the spatial distribution and it will be difficult to estimate the high accuracy of areal average rainfall even though the density of rain-gauge network on the distorted spatial distribution of raingauge network.
Key Words: Rain gauge network; Spatial distribution; Areal average rainfall; Estimation error analysis; Thiessen's weighting method
요지
본 연구에서는 유역의 면적평균강우량 산정시 강우관측소의 공간분포가 어느 정도의 영향을 주는지를 평가하였다. 아울러 공간분포가 왜곡된 경우 국내에서 주로 적용하고 있는 티센가중법에 문제점이 있는지에 대해 검토하였다. 이를 위해 최근린 지수를 이용하여 강우관측망을 재구축하고, 구축된 강우관측망에 대해 유역면적평균강우량의 추정오차를 산정하였다. 면적평균강우량 산정방법으로는 산술평균법, 티센가중법, 추정이론을 적용하였다. 그 결과, 공간분포가 떨어지는 경우는 유역면적평균강우량의 추정오차가 큼을 확인하였다. 특히, 강우관측소의 공간분포가 왜곡됐을 경우 티센가중법의 면적평균강우량은 산술평균법보다 더 많은 오차가 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. 아울러 면적평균강우량의 정확도는 공간분포뿐만 아니라 강우관측소의 밀도와도 관련이 크며, 강우관측소의 설치밀도가 높더라도 강우관측망이 왜곡된 경우 적절한 유역의 면적평균강우량 산정이 어려울 것으로 판단된다.
핵심용어: 강우관측망; 공간분포; 면적평균강우량; 추정오차; 티센가중법
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