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Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2014;14(5):19-25.
Published online October 31, 2014.
산불재해로 인한 열유속 영향평가 및 위험지도 구축 -양동마을을 대상으로-
이지희, 김동현
Developing Heat Flux Evaluation and Fire Risk Map for Forest Fires in Yangdong Villages
Ji-Hee Lee, Dong-Hyun Kim
Abstract
Yangdong Village in Gyeongju was registered as a World Heritage site in 2010, along with Hahoe Village in Andong. Most houses in Yangdong Village are timber framed houses with thatched roofs that are not fire resistant; they are thus exposed to the risk of fires. It is especially the case because they are near forests and could be affected by forest fires. The study examined the effect of the heat flux on the houses in Yangdong Village as a result of forest fires to evaluate to what degree of risk they are exposed to. After distinguished the tree species of major structural components of wooden buildings. This was done by getting the precise location information on the houses in Yangdong Village with the GIS analysis, collating the information on the construction materials and conducting the numerical analysis on heat flux in case of forest fires. The results showed as follows: around 10% of the houses are directly exposed to the danger of forest fires and 5% of all the houses are expected to be subject to the indirect effects due to the proliferation of the initial forest fires. In conclusion, it was determined that appropriate and effective methods of forest fire prevention and fighting need to be sought, and they should be based on eliminating the possible fuels for forest fires that are nearby the fire-vulnerable houses, securing enough separation distances and installing waterproof facilities.
Key Words: Yangdong Village; Forest Fire; Heat Flux; GIS Analysis; Risk Map
요지
경주 양동마을은 안동 하회마을과 함께 2010년 한국의 역사마을로 세계문화유산으로 등재되었다. 양동마을의 가옥은 불에 취약한 목재 및 초가로 구성되어있다. 특히 산림과 인접해 있어 산불로부터 화재에 노출되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 산불재해로 인한 양동마을 가옥들의 화재 위험성에 대해 Heat Flux 영향 평가를 실시하였다. GIS 래지스터 분석을 통하여 양동마을의 가옥위치정보와 가옥의 재질에 대한 정보처리 실시와 산불로부터 발생되는 Heat Flux 수치해석을 통해 산불로부터 화재발생 위험 가옥들에 대한 위험지도를 구축하였다. 그 결과, 양동마을의 가옥 중 산불로부터 직접적인 화재위험성에 노출된 가옥이 약 10%에 이르렀고 가옥간의 2차 연소(延燒)로 인한 피해가 예측되는 가옥이 전체 가옥의 5%에 해당되었다. 따라서 산불로부터 화재에 취약한 가옥들에 대해 주변 산림연료 제거 및 이격 공간 확보, 수막시설 설치 등의 산불예방 및 진화를 위한 방법이 강구되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.
핵심용어: 양동마을; 산불; 열유속; GIS 분석; 위험지도
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